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	<title>QA | Automation Dojos</title>
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		<title>Getting Started With Atlassian Jira</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2020 00:56:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[How-To]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jira]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jira]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc-management]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=20855</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/">Getting Started With Atlassian Jira</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="575" height="345" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2.png 575w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post-jira-2-400x240.png 400w" sizes="(max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px" /></p>
<p>Jira is one of the best software used for agile development. It is built for a better team contribution and to deliver an amazing product. Your Team members can plan and track the whole work and release a winning software. You will be guided to get a start with Jira with this tutorial. What can [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/">Getting Started With Atlassian Jira</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/">Getting Started With Atlassian Jira</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<h2 class="simpletoc-title">Table of Contents</h2>
<ul class="simpletoc-list">
<li><a href="#what-can-you-do-with-jira">What can you do with Jira?</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#what-are-the-benefits-and-features-of-jira">What are the benefits and features of Jira?</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#how-to-get-started-with-jira">How to get started with Jira?</a>


<ul><li>
<a href="#step-1-create-a-jira-account">Step 1: Create a Jira account</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-2-signin-and-provide-site-name">Step 2: Sign-in and provide site name</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-3-personalize-as-per-selected-options">Step 3: Personalize as per selected options</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-4-add-team-members-and-send-invite">Step 4: Add team members and send invite</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-5-provide-feedback">Step 5: Provide feedback</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-6-choose-project-template">Step 6: Choose project template</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-7-create-project">Step 7: Create project</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#step-8-launch-dashboard-done">Step 8: Launch dashboard. DONE!</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li></ul>


<p>Jira is one of the best software used for agile development. It is built for a better team contribution and to deliver an amazing product. </p>



<p>Your Team members can plan and track the whole work and release a winning software. You will be guided to get a start with Jira with this tutorial.</p>


<div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="what-can-you-do-with-jira">What can you do with Jira?</h2>


<div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px">



<ul class="wp-block-list" id="block-0efe131f-4c4c-457c-b555-986584a15bdf"><li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Plan &#8211; </strong>You can plan your sprints, get involved in user stories and issues, and divide the workload with your team.</li><li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Track &#8211;&nbsp; </strong>You can Track Your Teammate’s progress and assign the work among them with a better view of all the team members in full context.</li><li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Release &#8211;&nbsp; </strong>By having recorded updates of the product, You can ship the product with more Confidence.</li><li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Report &#8211; </strong>You can improve the work based on the real-time updates from your teammates.</li></ul>



</div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="what-are-the-benefits-and-features-of-jira">What are the benefits and features of Jira?</h2>


<div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px">



<ul class="wp-block-list" id="block-7e99858e-d9a1-4a47-94de-38b4b9115199"><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Choosing a workflow &#8211; </strong>Every development team develops its product in its way. So you can choose a workflow that suits your developing process or create your workflow for better performance.</li><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Integrating with developer tools and apps &#8211; </strong>Confluence, Bitbucket are some popular tools among the hundreds of development tools that you can integrate with Jira. Knowledge management,auto-updating development workflow, continuous integration, and deployment are some great work that you can do with Jira integrations.</li><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Connecting the teamwork to your roadmap &#8211; </strong>You can build smart, reliable plans for your team and ship a great product fast by observing the road map of the connected team.</li><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Jira automation &#8211; </strong>Jira automation is a great tool to work with to stay focused and save your time by working smarter.</li><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Security &#8211; </strong>Jira is compatible with many advanced security features.GDPR and Privacy-Shield ensure that your data is handled with care. Jira uses data encryption to protect your organization’s data. Jira software security is verified with SOC2, SOC3, ISO 27001, ISO 27018, PCI DSS, and more. Also, Atlassian access guides Jira to enhanced administration, Security backups, 2 step verification, and automated user provisioning to enhance security.</li><li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#0eab3c"></i> <strong>Scalability &#8211; </strong>Jira software has a premium version that lets you scale with 99.9% uptime SLAs,24&#215;7 Premium support, unlimited storage, and more scalability options as you need.</li></ul>



</div>


<div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="how-to-get-started-with-jira">How to get started with Jira?</h2>

<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-1-create-a-jira-account"><strong>Step 1:</strong> Create a Jira account</h3>


<p>Create a Jira account By Using <a href="https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira/free">this link</a>. I have chosen a free Jira account for a demonstration. Select Jira Software from the given options.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized rt-image td-caption-align-center td-img-style-shadow"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20880" width="452" height="313" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1.png 903w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-300x208.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-768x532.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-150x104.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-218x150.png 218w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-696x482.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-607x420.png 607w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-100x70.png 100w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-200x138.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_1-400x277.png 400w" sizes="(max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-2-signin-and-provide-site-name"><strong>Step 2:</strong> Sign-in and provide site name</h3>


<p>You can sign in with your Google account or email as your wish. Click Create Your account and Give a valid site name to build your site. Click “Agree and sign up”.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-medium is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-300x169.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20900" width="300" height="169" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-300x169.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-768x432.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-1536x864.png 1536w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-150x84.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-696x392.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-1068x601.png 1068w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-747x420.png 747w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-200x113.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1-400x225.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_2-1.png 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-3-personalize-as-per-selected-options"><strong>Step 3:</strong> Personalize as per selected options</h3>


<p>You can personalize your work according to your work criteria, job role.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-style-default td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="300" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20970" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira.png 600w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira-300x150.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira-150x75.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira-200x100.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/jira-jira-400x200.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-4-add-team-members-and-send-invite"><strong>Step 4:</strong> Add team members and send invite</h3>


<p>Add your team members by emailing them as in the following screen or you can skip that to add later.</p>



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<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-5-provide-feedback"><strong>Step 5</strong>: Provide feedback</h3>


<p>Select your experience with Jira, Experience with agile, working area, and schedule.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20875" width="459" height="201" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6.png 918w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-300x131.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-768x336.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-150x66.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-696x305.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-200x88.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_6-400x175.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 459px) 100vw, 459px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-6-choose-project-template"><strong>Step 6:</strong> Choose project template</h3>


<p>You can create a Kanban Agile project or a Scrum Agile project. I have created a scrum agile project here.</p>



<p><strong>Kanban</strong> &#8211; Kanban is suitable for teams working with bugs who need a quick delivery. It focuses on rapid assignment and working on the correct order.</p>



<p><strong>Scrum &#8211; </strong>Scrum agile is best for teams who work with new feature development with a tight deadline. These teams can manage their work by working into iterative hatches named as sprints.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-default td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20874" width="500" height="274" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7.png 1000w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-300x164.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-768x421.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-150x82.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-696x381.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-766x420.png 766w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-200x110.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_7-400x219.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-7-create-project"><strong>Step 7:</strong> Create project</h3>


<p>Give a project name and Create your project.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20885" width="350" height="384" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8.png 466w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-273x300.png 273w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-150x165.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-300x330.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-382x420.png 382w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-182x200.png 182w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_8-364x400.png 364w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></figure>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="step-8-launch-dashboard-done"><strong>Step 8:</strong> Launch dashboard. DONE!</h3>


<p>You can see the dashboard after you have successfully created your project. Now It&#8217;s time to start your work.</p>



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<p>You can see some settings on the left side.”Roadmap” is called as the timeline of your project. It helps to see the progress of your project. You can create issues of your project using the backlog section. There are three types of issues called bugs, tasks, and Story.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-default td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-1024x496.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20882" width="512" height="248" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-1024x496.png 1024w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-300x145.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-768x372.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-150x73.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-696x337.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-867x420.png 867w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-200x97.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11-400x194.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_11.png 1045w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px" /></figure>



<p>You can manage a to-do list, in-progress works, and complete work using the Board section. <strong>Pages</strong> are the documents related to your project. By using the Add Item section You will be able to add a repository or an item.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized td-img-style-shadow"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-1024x41.png" alt="" class="wp-image-20881" width="512" height="21" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-1024x41.png 1024w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-300x12.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-768x31.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-150x6.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-696x28.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-1068x43.png 1068w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-200x8.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12-400x16.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/post_jira_12.png 1250w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px" /></figure>



<p>You can view your work, projects, filters, Dashboards, and people in the project by using the menu bar items. Use supportive integrations and apps to your projects using apps. You can create another project by using “Create”.</p>



<p>That&#8217;s pretty much the basics of Jira and you can play around to become familiar with it using the information above. It is a great platform to manage your work.</p>
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11 c 5 -1 0 -6 -1 -3 q -4 -3 -5 -5 c 4 -2 -1 -5 -1 -4" fill="#484848"></path></svg></span></a><a class="the_champ_more" title="More" rel="nofollow noopener" style="font-size:24px!important;border:0;box-shadow:none;display:inline-block!important;font-size:16px;padding:0 4px;vertical-align: middle;display:inline;" href="https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=20855" onclick="event.preventDefault()"><span class="the_champ_svg" style="background-color:#ee8e2d;width:38px;height:38px;border-radius:3px;margin:0;display:inline-block!important;opacity:1;float:left;font-size:32px!important;box-shadow:none;display:inline-block;font-size:16px;padding:0 4px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline;background-repeat:repeat;overflow:hidden;padding:0;cursor:pointer;box-sizing:content-box;" onclick="theChampMoreSharingPopup(this, 'https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=20855', 'QA', '' )"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="-.3 0 32 32" version="1.1" width="100%" height="100%" style="display:block;" xml:space="preserve"><g><path fill="#484848" d="M18 14V8h-4v6H8v4h6v6h4v-6h6v-4h-6z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></g></svg></span></a></div></div><p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/getting-started-jira/">Getting Started With Atlassian Jira</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
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		<title>Introducing Testing-as-a-Service (TaaS)</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/introducing-testing-as-a-service/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/introducing-testing-as-a-service/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Sep 2016 14:37:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[FT Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Virtualization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[TaaS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Test Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Testing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=12334</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/introducing-testing-as-a-service/">Introducing Testing-as-a-Service (TaaS)</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_TaaS.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>The &#8216;Cloud Computing&#8217; technology has revolutionized the IT industry and it has something good to offer to the testing industry too. After Iaas, PaaS, and SaaS concepts, there is a new testing area called Testing as a Service (TaaS) that is making waves in recent times. Increasing IT costs, shrinking budgets and growing business demands [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/introducing-testing-as-a-service/">Introducing Testing-as-a-Service (TaaS)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/introducing-testing-as-a-service/">Introducing Testing-as-a-Service (TaaS)</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<h2 class="simpletoc-title">Table of Contents</h2>
<ul class="simpletoc-list">
<li><a href="#testing-challenges-in-traditional-setup">Testing Challenges in Traditional Setup</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#cloud-testing">Cloud Testing</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#benefits-of-cloud-testing">Benefits of Cloud Testing</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#cloud-testing-providers">Cloud Testing Providers</a>
</li></ul>


<p>The &#8216;Cloud Computing&#8217; technology has revolutionized the IT industry and it has something good to offer to the testing industry too. After Iaas, PaaS, and SaaS concepts, there is a new testing area called Testing as a Service (TaaS) that is making waves in recent times. Increasing IT costs, shrinking budgets and growing business demands pose a great challenge for organizations. Testing as a Service or Cloud Testing answers these challenges by providing cost-effective test solutions built using cutting-edge technologies.</p>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="testing-challenges-in-traditional-setup"><strong>Testing Challenges in Traditional Setup</strong></h2>


<p>The first and foremost challenge in today’s organizational setup is the limited budget for the testing team. With changing economic conditions and growing competition, companies have to optimize available resources to the fullest. Allocating separate budgets for testing projects is cumbersome. Moreover, there are strict deadlines that need to be met. Secondly, the testing team creates a large number of test cases that are mostly unused. At times, they are used only once. Thirdly, traditional testing procedures are restricted by geographical locations. Most importantly, there is rapid development in the testing tools segment. World-class testing tools that are engineered with cutting-edge technologies are implemented by large enterprises and small and medium businesses cannot afford to lay a hand on these tools. Cloud Testing offers the luxury of using these cutting-edge technologies at an affordable price. Moreover, TaaS brings greater levels of agility into workflow procedures while improving the performance of the system.</p>



<div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="aligncenter"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/POST-Testing-as-a-Service.png" alt=""/></figure></div>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="cloud-testing"><strong>Cloud Testing</strong></h2>


<p>Cloud Testing is the new trend in the testing tools segment that uses the cloud environment to simulate real-time traffic. It uses different testing modules to gauge the performance of an application. With cloud-based services dominating the technology, there is a greater need for cloud-based testing.</p>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="benefits-of-cloud-testing"><strong>Benefits of Cloud Testing</strong></h2>


<p>Testing as a Service is rapidly gaining momentum in recent times. The primal benefit of a cloud testing environment is the quick deployment of testing tools required for the project. Cloud Testing offers a wide range of testing tools that are built using cutting-edge technologies. Moreover, the testing environment is deployed within a quick time. The performance of the cloud-based testing tool is very good. By bringing agility into testing procedures, cloud testing tools reduce the time taken to identify non-critical defects as well as critical defects.</p>



<p>Most importantly, cloud testing allows businesses to leverage available resources to a maximum extent. You don’t have to invest in various testing modules that are not used most of the time. By paying only for the services used, businesses get the flexibility to optimize budgets and leverage resources. The downside of cloud testing is that it is not suited for some applications. However, the cloud testing environment is rapidly developing to provide a versatile range of services.</p>



<p>Cloud testing is again different from testing a cloud. While cloud testing is about testing an application in the cloud, testing the cloud deals with the evaluation of the cloud infrastructure, applications, and environments that are provided on demand. It is to make sure that the cloud infrastructure is performing according to its cloud computing business objectives.</p>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="cloud-testing-providers"><strong>Cloud Testing Providers</strong></h2>


<p>While the cloud testing environment is still new, there are few providers that offer quality testing software. HP Load Runner is one of the leading providers of cloud testing tools. SOASTA, Advaltis, and Cloud Assault are among other contenders for this place.</p>



<p>The &#8216;Cloud&#8217; innovation is still on the move. Mobile TaaS is another cloud-based testing environment that is used to test mobile applications. With mobile applications created in great volumes, Mobile TaaS has much more to do in the coming days.</p>
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		<title>Best Practices For Evaluating Automation Tool</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/best-practices-evaluating-automation-tool/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/best-practices-evaluating-automation-tool/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Feb 2016 14:08:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[FT Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NFT Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Test Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tool]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tool evaluation]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=13110</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/best-practices-evaluating-automation-tool/">Best Practices For Evaluating Automation Tool</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="280" height="168" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-280x168.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-280x168.png 280w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool4.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px" /></p>
<p>With rapidly changing financial conditions, businesses face the tough challenge of optimizing resources to produce maximum results. Choosing the right automation tool for functional testing is one of the important tasks in doing so. The rising popularity and emerging technologies have brought in several testing tools into the market which makes it difficult for organizations [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/best-practices-evaluating-automation-tool/">Best Practices For Evaluating Automation Tool</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/best-practices-evaluating-automation-tool/">Best Practices For Evaluating Automation Tool</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p>With rapidly changing financial conditions, businesses face the tough challenge of optimizing resources to produce maximum results. Choosing the right automation tool for functional testing is one of the important tasks in doing so.</p>
<p>The rising popularity and emerging technologies have brought in several testing tools into the market which makes it difficult for organizations to identify the right one for their testing needs.</p>
<p>You have to compare different testing tools and apply the functionality to your business processes to gauge the performance of the tool. Here are certain best practices that need to be followed while evaluating automated testing tools.</p>
<h2>1. Feature set</h2>
<p>When looking at the tool, one of the important aspects is the feature set. The first benefit of automation is the ease and efficiency it offers for testing purposes. This is what allows you to run automated scripts on multiple codes while you perform other tasks as well.</p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#7c7c7c;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Recording &amp; Playback</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>Among the feature set, the first one to look at is the <strong>recording </strong>and <strong>playback </strong>feature. Without this feature, the automation tool is not complete. Again, you should check how well it supports low-level recording. The tool should effectively record keyboard clicks and mouse clicks and identify objects as well. When you playback the script, it should be easy to read and understand.</p>
<p></div></div><div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Object Recognition, Verification and Repository</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"><span class="inset-right" style="width: 340px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding-bottom: 1px;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignright rt-image" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool1.png" alt="" width="340" height="205" /></span></p>
<p>Another important functionality required by an automated testing tool is the ability to <strong>recognize </strong>and <strong>validate</strong> objects while storing them in a repository. As you run multiple scripts, the tool identifies hundreds of objects, standard and custom ones. It should offer an effective mechanism to separately identify each object while associated object attributes as well.</p>
<p>Having a <strong>central repository</strong> is a desirable option. When you change the name of the object, would you be able to use the object without affecting any part of the application? So, the best thing is to check how the object name mapping system is designed for the tool.</p>
<p>Another desirable feature is image testing. The tool should recognize images and compare one with others. So, check if the tool supports Optical Character Recognition (OCR).</p>
<p></div></div> <div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div> <div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Web Testing</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>With the internet explosion storming the IT segment, it has become inevitable for every business to perform web testing at some point of time. While choosing the automated testing tool, there are certain areas to look at.</p>
<p>Does the tool support HTML tables, DOM structure, links and site maps? In addition, the tool should know whether a page is completely loaded, links are working and images are loaded correctly. In addition, web page objects needs to be identified. You would need to input and extract data on web pages as well. Moreover, the performance of the tool on different networks, platforms and environments requires a check.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Environment support</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 15px;">While web testing is important, native application support is the basic requirement as well. The automation tool you choose should support your office environment. There are certain tools that work only with windows desktop environment while others support web testing only. For instance, does the tool support the latest Java update or .NET update?</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Here are certain supporting features that need your consideration</p>
<p><span class="inset-left" style="width: 305px;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="rt-image alignleft size-medium wp-image-13106" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3.png" alt="" width="300" height="180" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3.png 575w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3-280x168.png 280w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool3-400x240.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px"></p>
<ul>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Mobile Testing support</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Windows Support</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Supported browsers</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Supported frameworks</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> File uploading options / Dialog-box options</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-plus" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Supported environments</li>
</ul>
<p></div></p>
<p>Depending on your testing requirements, you should choose one.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Database Support</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>With stringent database management policies imposed by governing authorities, storing business data has become a crucial aspect for businesses. While creating applications, you should be able to effectively store and retrieve data. As most database management systems use SQL for storing and retrieving data, the tool should support SQL or likewise <strong>data query language</strong>. In addition, protocols like<strong> ODBC, JDBC</strong> or equivalent are used to transfer data to and fro from the databases. This is another important consideration as well. At the same time, the application should be able to interact with <strong>spreadsheets</strong> and <strong>files</strong> to store and extract data. <em>So, the support for database functions is important as well.</em></p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Failure Recovery</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>The basic purpose of testing applications is to make them error-free and efficient. On doing so, you would encounter errors and failures. When you encounter one, how well does the automated tool handle the failure? Is it easy to build this into the code? So, check out how the tool identifies errors and handles them.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:5px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Integration with other tools</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>While performing functional testing, you might have to move between different test management tools. So, the question here is how well does the tool integrate with other testing frameworks? When integrating with other tools, how is the performance etc?</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<h2>2. Minimum functionality</h2>
<p>While having multiple features is always a great idea, it is of no use if the functionality of the tool is not up to the mark. There are certain basic functions that are performed on a regular basis and the automated tool should be able to produce high-quality results. Here are some of the minimum functionalities expected from an automated tool.</p>
<p><div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px"></p>
<ul>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Are you able to launch the browser and load the requested URL?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Is the tool able to validate images and text?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> How is the performance of the tool with respect to data driven testing?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Are users able to login into the application?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> How easy is the navigation part?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> How effective is the Record &amp; Playback feature?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Are you able to edit and re-run scripts?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> How effective is the error recovery option?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> What about Parameterization?</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Reports and analysis of test results</li>
</ul>
<p></div></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image wp-image-13113" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_choosing-automation-tool5.png" alt="" width="545" height="335" /></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div></p>
<h2>3. Usability</h2>
<p>The third important aspect to look at is the Usability. Right from installing the product to using various functions, the tool should be easy to use. The installation should be simple and self-explanatory. And, check if coding knowledge is required to run scripts and how long does it take to run scripts. In addition, what does the tool offer for <strong>debugging </strong>tasks? Does the tool provide adequate <strong>documentation</strong> and support?</p>
<h2>4. Performance</h2>
<p>The performance of the automated tool while running multiple scripts is important as well. It is to be robust enough to support enterprise applications. Check how long it takes to create a script and what is the script running time. Moreover, does the tool offer test management tools to effectively track and monitor test progress? And another important consideration is the <strong>consistency of test results</strong>. The system requirements for the tool need to be considered as well.</p>
<h2> 5. Technical Support</h2>
<p>While the tool offers extensive features, there should be adequate help and support to resolve technical issues. Check out the support options offered by the tool. While some products offer dedicated support, open-source testing tools generally do not have one. They have large communities and forums wherein you can find resolutions to several issues. However, if you experience any new issue, you will have to create your own resolution or wait for someone to post one.</p>
<h2>6. Price</h2>
<p>Finally, the price is an important factor as well. Today, some of the leading automated testing tools available in the market are very expensive. At the same time, there are open-source testing tools that are free to download and use. However, it is not a good idea to directly look at the price.</p>
<p>If the tool is expensive, consider the sophistication offered by the tool.</p>
<p>Does it require knowledge and expertise of coding which in turn results in the recruitment of skilled testers? At the same time, if the testing is quick and effective, it improves the development cycle of the product and thereby increases your revenues</p>
<p>While considering the price, the total ROI needs to be calculated that includes the price, licensing, support and maintenance. There are times when staffing, testing time and complexity of testing impact the revenues of the company. So, consider all these factors.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>How To Create The Right Software QA Strategy</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/how-to-create-qa-strategy/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/how-to-create-qa-strategy/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2015 10:37:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SDLC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[software engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Testing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=13027</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-to-create-qa-strategy/">How To Create The Right Software QA Strategy</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="280" height="168" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-280x168.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-280x168.png 280w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-strategy1.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px" /></p>
<p>In today’s highly competitive world, businesses do not get much time to test a product before releasing it into the market. With the competitor’s product out in the market, you have to quick-fire your production to provide an innovative set of features or updates. Studies reveal that most of the companies spend ½ of the [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-to-create-qa-strategy/">How To Create The Right Software QA Strategy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-to-create-qa-strategy/">How To Create The Right Software QA Strategy</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<h2 class="simpletoc-title">Table of Contents</h2>
<ul class="simpletoc-list">
<li><a href="#1-planning-testing-requirements">1. Planning Testing Requirements</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#2-planning-test-cases">2. Planning Test Cases</a>


<ul><li>
<a href="#smoke-or-build-verification-test">Smoke or Build Verification Test</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#field-validation-test">Field Validation Test</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#mistake-proofing-test">Mistake Proofing Test</a>

</li>
<li><a href="#performance-testing">Performance Testing</a>

</li>
</ul>
<li><a href="#3-fixing-defects">3. Fixing Defects</a>
</li></ul>


<p>In today’s highly competitive world, businesses do not get much time to test a product before releasing it into the market. With the competitor’s product out in the market, you have to quick-fire your production to provide an innovative set of features or updates.</p>



<p>Studies reveal that most of the companies <strong>spend ½ of the project budget on testing</strong>. To leverage resources and stay ahead in the competition, companies should develop a proper QA strategy that prioritizes testing requirements.</p>



<div style="height:15px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow">
<div class="su-note"  style="border-color:#dcdcdc;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="background-color:#f6f6f6;border-color:#ffffff;color:#747474;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;">

In general, the following are the three important things that project or businesses should follow from &#8216;Testing or QA&#8217; perspective. In fact, these three items are already the fundamental &#8216;testing&#8217; related tasks generally done in any project :
<blockquote>
<div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px">
<ul style="font-size: 13.5px; line-height: 1.7em;">
 	<li><i class="sui sui-gear" style="color:#888"></i> Planning Testing Requirements</li>
 	<li><i class="sui sui-gear" style="color:#888"></i> Planning Test Cases</li>
 	<li><i class="sui sui-gear" style="color:#888"></i> Planning Defect Fixing</li>
</ul>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div></div>
</div>



<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:295px">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-style-default"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="708" height="528" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2.png" alt="" class="wp-image-23737" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2.png 708w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-300x224.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-150x112.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-696x519.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-563x420.png 563w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-80x60.png 80w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-265x198.png 265w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-200x149.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy2-400x298.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 708px) 100vw, 708px" /></figure>
</div>
</div>



<p><span class="inset-right" style="width: 300px;"></span></p>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="1-planning-testing-requirements">1. Planning Testing Requirements</h2>


<p>Consider an instance wherein you are planning to publish a software release. You have to create a sprint or iteration. While doing so, you have to choose priority levels for each requirement. While a requirement might be critical, there are some features that are desired but not critical. So, take time to mark the priority levels of each requirement.</p>



<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex">
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-style-default" style="margin-top:50px"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="635" height="477" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3.png" alt="" class="wp-image-23743" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3.png 635w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-300x225.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-150x113.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-559x420.png 559w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-80x60.png 80w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-265x198.png 265w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-200x150.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy3-400x300.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px" /></figure>



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<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow">
<p>The idea here is to emphatically work on critical issues in the development phase and spend less time on low-priority requirements. Else, developers might spend more time on the first requirement and then run out of time when working on critical issues. </p>



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<ul style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.65em; overflow: hidden;">
 	<li><i class="sui sui-hand-o-right" style="color:#46b80d"></i> P1 – Vital requirement (the product cannot be released without developing these features)</li>
 	<li><i class="sui sui-hand-o-right" style="color:#46b80d"></i> P2 – Desired but not a compulsory requirement</li>
 	<li><i class="sui sui-hand-o-right" style="color:#46b80d"></i> P3 – Trivial requirement (Can be added if time permits)</li>
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<div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div>



<p>When you plan your development requirements, it is important to provide your requirements plan to developers so that they can put more effort on prioritized items.</p>


<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="2-planning-test-cases">2. Planning Test Cases</h2>


<p>The second important aspect is to test each requirement of your itinerary or sprint. Each module should be error-free and produce desired results. Test cases are to be prioritized as well based on how well they eliminate bugs and add value to the product. Here is the best order to do so :</p>


<div class="su-note"  style="border-color:#dcdcdc;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="background-color:#f6f6f6;border-color:#ffffff;color:#747474;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;">


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="smoke-or-build-verification-test">Smoke or Build Verification Test</h3>


<p>First of all, perform a smoke test to check the basic functionality of the module or code. For instance, you have to create a registration page for a website. The page should allow users to enter details and then store the details of the users in its database. As a first step, you can run a smoke test that checks if all fields contain valid data.</p>



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<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="field-validation-test">Field Validation Test</h3>


<p>The next thing is to perform the field validation test. This test case checks if the code requires all fields to be filled with valid data and not a single field can be left empty. At the same time, the field width is checked as well. If there is a limit of 100 characters for a name field, the user should not be able to enter more than that. Thirdly, this test case should check if the field contains values that fall inside a specific range.</p>
</div>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-style-default"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="660" height="574" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4.png" alt="" class="wp-image-23744" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4.png 660w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4-300x261.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4-150x130.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4-483x420.png 483w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4-200x174.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy4-400x348.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px" /></figure>
</div>
</div>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="mistake-proofing-test">Mistake Proofing Test</h3>


<p>Negative tests allow you to check if the web page rejects negative entries and warns the user to correct the entry. For instance, the user tries to register his account. The minimum age limit of the registration is 13 years. So, the date of birth should not allow the user to register if his age falls below 13 years.</p>


<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="performance-testing">Performance Testing</h3>


<p>If the code passes basic steps, you can go ahead and dig it deeper. By subjecting the page to extreme traffic loads, you can do performance testing and ensure that the site always works fine.</p>


</div></div>



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<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="3-fixing-defects">3. Fixing Defects</h2>


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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-style-default"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="856" height="433" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5.png" alt="" class="wp-image-23745" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5.png 856w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-300x152.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-768x388.png 768w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-150x76.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-696x352.png 696w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-830x420.png 830w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-200x101.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/post_qa-strategy5-400x202.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px" /></figure>
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<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow">
<p>The third aspect to prioritize is defect planning. When you run a test case, there are several defects that creep up. While some of them do not affect the functionality of the system, there are certain bugs that crash the system and needs immediate attention.</p>
</div>
</div>



<p>To manage service levels and publish the release on time, it is important that your developers spend more time on fixing critical defects.</p>



<p>So, the best thing to do is to check the severity of the defect and prioritize them accordingly. You may call it a ‘<strong>risk-based defect triaging</strong>‘.With a properly designed software QA strategy, businesses can ensure that testing resources are leveraged to produce effective results.</p>



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		<title>QA Challenges in Mobile App Testing</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/qa-challenges-mobile-app-testing/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/qa-challenges-mobile-app-testing/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Oct 2014 23:18:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mobile testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Testing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=13020</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/qa-challenges-mobile-app-testing/">QA Challenges in Mobile App Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="280" height="168" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-280x168.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-280x168.png 280w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px" /></p>
<p>Mobile application testing is always challenging. Smaller footprints, numerous types of devices and changing technologies are some of the factors that make it a complex task. With the increased use of mobile apps everywhere, companies have to ensure that the product works according to expectations and meets the required criteria before launching it. The growing [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/qa-challenges-mobile-app-testing/">QA Challenges in Mobile App Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/qa-challenges-mobile-app-testing/">QA Challenges in Mobile App Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p>Mobile application testing is always challenging. <strong><em>Smaller footprints, numerous types of devices</em></strong> and <strong><em>changing technologies</em></strong> are some of the factors that make it a complex task.</p>
<p>With the increased use of mobile apps everywhere, companies have to ensure that the product works according to expectations and meets the required criteria before launching it. The growing popularity of iPhone and Android mobiles has given rise to thousands of mobile apps that leave mobile app testers with sharp deadlines.</p>
<h2>Why Mobile App Testing is a Challenge?</h2>
<p>Mobile applications are different from desktop-based applications. In a traditional desktop software development project, the application is designed to work on specific platforms. Windows OS dominates the IT segment and most of the applications are based on Windows OS. This makes it easier for testers as they can test the application on a single platform, most of the time.</p>
<p>When it comes to mobile applications, there are different platforms like<strong> iOS, Android, Symbian and Windows Mobile</strong>. While testing the product, you need to check the performance of the application on each type of device. In addition, there are frequent updates to each mobile OS and every time there is an update, it has to be tested.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image wp-image-13018" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2.png" alt="" width="575" height="345" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2.png 575w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2-280x168.png 280w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing2-400x240.png 400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px" /></p>
<p>In fact, Mobile OS fragmentation has been a great concern for developers as well as testers. For instance, iOS 6.1 was released in Feb 2013. Within two weeks, another version iOS 6.1.1 was released that contained certain fixes to the previous version. Users were encountering cellular connectivity issues and this was addressed in the newer version. Within two weeks, developers had to fix the coding issue while testers had to ensure that the new fix did not affect the performance of the application while making sure that the technical glitch was addressed.</p>
<h2>Native Applications and Web Applications</h2>
<p>Mobile application testing has to deal with <strong>native applications </strong>as well as <strong>web applications</strong>. With a native mobile application, developers have the flexibility to add a rich user interface to entice customers. However, testers have to make sure that the application is properly downloaded onto the device.</p>
<p>Moreover, the application needs to be updated every time a new feature is added or modified. As native applications are mostly designed for specific hardware, you have to use physical devices to test the application. On the other hand, mobile web applications can be downloaded on the Internet.</p>
<p><span class="inset-right" style="width: 360px; margin-right: 5px;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter rt-image" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_qa-mobile-app-testing3.jpg" alt="" width="360" height="215"></span></p>
<p>As the scope of the application is huge, testers face a tough time in dealing with challenges associated with mobile web application testing like <strong><em>device compatibility, network compatibility,</em></strong> and <strong><em>scripting challenges</em></strong>.</p>
<p>Today, there are numerous models and types of mobile devices that are bombarding the market.</p>
<p>As the same functionality might not work equally on different devices running the same OS, testers have to either work on real devices, simulate them or use both. While real devices incur huge expenses, emulated devices offer easy management of features. The mobile application testing team has to manage both options effectively to check the performance of the application.</p>
<p>Thirdly, there are hundreds of mobile networks operating in various regions. Mobile testers need to consider this additional aspect that adds up to the complexity.</p>
<h2>Scripting Challenges</h2>
<p>Most importantly, mobile app testers face the tough challenge of creating scripts. With frequent changes to the software, scripts need to be reused. Using automated testing software is surely a good thing to choose.</p>
<p>In addition, you need to choose an automated testing tool that offers higher-level scripting features that are interface-independent. While using automated scripts, testing budgets can go high. However, the level of reusability of these automated scripts hugely impacts operational expenses. While choosing testing environments, companies need to consider this crucial aspect so that resources are optimized and business productivity is improved.</p>
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		<title>Testing Challenges In Agile Development Model</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/testing-challenges-in-agile-model/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 Aug 2014 09:21:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SDLC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[development model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=12766</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/testing-challenges-in-agile-model/">Testing Challenges In Agile Development Model</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>The recent cloud computing revolution has raised the technology bar to a higher standard. While the incorporation of cutting edge technologies into business processes has improved the efficiency of software products, shrinking IT budgets have resulted in optimized software development strategies. The new innovation in the software development segment is . This innovative software development [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/testing-challenges-in-agile-model/">Testing Challenges In Agile Development Model</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/testing-challenges-in-agile-model/">Testing Challenges In Agile Development Model</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p>The recent cloud computing revolution has raised the technology bar to a higher standard. While the incorporation of cutting edge technologies into business processes has improved the efficiency of software products, shrinking IT budgets have resulted in optimized software development strategies.</p>
<p>The new innovation in the software development segment is <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">DevOps</span>. This innovative software development methodology integrates the development teams with operations. This approach envisages the performance of the end product at the developing stage to minimize bugs and bring agility to the development cycle. However, agile software development poses certain challenges to the testing guys.</p>
<p>In a traditional software development segment, organizations either follow a waterfall method or an incremental method.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges3.png" alt="" width="625" height="366" /></p>
<p>In this traditional software development setup, the product passes the development stage and reaches the testing phase as the last stage. After extensive testing is done, errors are documented and the product is again sent to the developers for editing purposes. With this approach, testers get the flexibility to enjoy ample time in testing the product. In addition, the entire product is designed and the testing team has a clear vision of the performance of the product. So, the testing procedures are effectively performed.</p>
<p>When it comes to agile software development, the project is broken into smaller units. At the same time, developers team up with operations and testing teams to bring agility to the project.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges4.png" alt="" width="640" height="319" /></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:1px"></div></p>
<h3>Challenges for An Agile Tester</h3>
<p>As the development is done in smaller increments, modules are delivered in, frequent intervals. This poses a substantial challenge for testers coming from a traditional SDLC model since the time to perform testing in each cycle is short, hence testers have to generally work under strict deadlines.</p>
<p>Secondly, adequate specifications are not available, unlike the traditional development setup where testers get the full project report and enjoy the luxury of conducting tests.</p>
<p>Agile testing environment requires you to proactively work on tasks and show greater levels of adaptability to situations. Testers have to intuitively work on smaller test modules and still perform at a higher level.</p>
<p><span class="inset-right" style="width: 340px;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter rt-image" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_Agile_Challenges2.png" alt="" width="340" height="205" /></span></p>
<p>In addition, the agile development environment draws a thin line between the roles such as developer, admin, tester etc. While the development team creates their own testing code and implements it to measure the performance of the application, testers also have to provide suggestions on how the product can be effectively developed.</p>
<p>In other words, the testing team needs to visualize the performance of the product at the end-user level and incorporate ideas for the effective development of the product, let alone the test planning or execution</p>
<p>Well not all is too challenging in &#8216;agile world&#8217;, there are advantages too. As the testing team closely works with developers, they have an idea of actual requirements, system implementation and development progress.</p>
<p>This makes testing procedures more efficient and reliable. The integration of testing practices into the development improves the efficiency of the product before it leaves the development segment. Another notable benefit of agile software testing is its concept of a whole team. Gone are the days when each department in a software development project works individually.</p>
<p>Today, all domains related to software development are integrated in such a way that every member of the organization has something to offer in the product development phase. This is how a great team spirit is built and maintained. By integrating various segments together, employees are motivated, team spirit is uplifted and the attrition rate is considerably reduced.</p>
<p>Growing business demands pose great challenges for every segment and the testing industry is not excluded. Today, testers need to develop communication skills and leadership skills along with functional aspects to add value to the business. Being adept to these changing trends is the need of the hour.</p>
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		<title>An Overview Of Unit Testing</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/overview-of-unit-testing/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/overview-of-unit-testing/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Nov 2013 10:06:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SDLC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unit testing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=12811</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/overview-of-unit-testing/">An Overview Of Unit Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting0.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>With an increased need for an agile and optimized project development system, programmers have a tough time dealing with the code and making it error-free. Unit testing is a nice option for programmers to create applications with minimal errors. Be it unit testing or integrating testing, businesses need to ensure that an application offers nice [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/overview-of-unit-testing/">An Overview Of Unit Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/overview-of-unit-testing/">An Overview Of Unit Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p>With an increased need for an agile and optimized project development system, programmers have a tough time dealing with the code and making it error-free.</p>
<p>Unit testing is a nice option for programmers to create applications with minimal errors. Be it unit testing or integrating testing, businesses need to ensure that an application offers nice and useful features and at the same be error-free.</p>
<h3>What Is Unit Testing?</h3>
<p>Unit testing is one of the testing methods wherein developers break coding scripts into the smallest units to quickly and easily check the functionality of single function or class. Implementation of unit testing is normally done at the development cycle of the application by the developer before passing it on to the testing team. Basically unit testing lets you know if individual functions or procedures deliver the desired output.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting1.png" alt="" width="535" height="180" /></p>
<h3>Benefits of Unit Testing</h3>
<p><div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px"></p>
<ul style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> It is easy to identify bugs and errors in a coding project when codes and isolated and tested. Once the code is integrated, it takes time and effort to identify bugs and errors.</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Developers write unit tests that are specific to each code unit. When changes are made to the code, it is easy to identify errors.</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> As unit testing is individually done on code units, greater levels of agility in the application development can be achieved.</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> Unit testing benefit the programmer and not anybody else. However, properly written unit test codes effectively prevent bugs and make the job of others easy.</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-check" style="color:#68b63a"></i> To use unit testing, you don’t need actual databases. You can use mocks or stubs to test smallest coding units.</li>
</ul>
<p></div></p>
<div class="rt-block">
<h3>When To Use Unit Testing?</h3>
<p><span class="inset-right" style="width: 340px;"><br />
<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter rt-image" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting3.png" alt="" width="340" height="205" /><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 20px;">The fullness of unit testing can be seen in modular code development that lets you create clearly focused and reusable designs. When you test an application as an entire unit, there are multiple areas that can fail. For larger applications, it is difficult to find the problem and the code responsible for the problem. When you separate different coding pieces, you can create a subset of the entire thing and test it easily. While you can quickly detect errors, resolving them and reusing code is easy and effective as well.</p>
<p>Consider an example when your application has to retrieve records from a database and process them. When you test the entire application, there are several areas that can fail your system. Either the retrieving code might contain errors or the processing part. At the same time, there are other technical issues involved. If there is an I/O error or a networking issue, the application cannot deliver desired results. While you can identify the problem after serious inspection, it consumes a lot of time and energy. Unit testing is the best option in this case. By using simple unit test case, you can check the retrieval process. At the same time, you can provide mock data and check the processing part. By isolating tasks, you can easily check the functionality of the program and leverage resources to enjoy agile application development. However, you should keep in mind that unit testing is a part of the application development process and it does not completely prevent bugs. You need to perform other testing methods to ensure that the application is free of errors.</p>
</div>
<h3>Common Issues With Unit Testing</h3>
<p>While unit tests incorporate agility into development projects, there are certain issues as well.</p>
<p><div class="su-note"  style="border-color:#dcdcdc;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="background-color:#f6f6f6;border-color:#ffffff;color:#747474;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;"></p>
<h4>Unit Tests Are Too Long To Run</h4>
<p>The chronic one is that unit tests are too long to run. This problem occurs when you develop the wrong type of testing scripts. Basically, a true unit meets these conditions:</p>
<blockquote><p><div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px"></p>
<ul style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">
<li><i class="sui sui-exclamation-triangle" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Does not touch a database or a file system</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-exclamation-triangle" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Does not communicate across a network</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-exclamation-triangle" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Should be able to run simultaneously with other tests</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-exclamation-triangle" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Doesn’t require special environments to run tests</li>
</ul>
<p></div></p>
<blockquote><p></div></div></p>
<p>However, programmers tend to write long scripts to check how the application contacts and retrieves data from a database or a file system. When there are moving parts in the system, you have to stick to true unit tests. If the unit test does not separate your logic from the OS and other features, it does not serve the purpose.</p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:##6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Creating Complex Mocks and Stubs</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<h3></h3>
<p>As stated earlier, a true unit test does not talk to a database or a file system. Instead, you create a mock or a stub to check the functionality of the code. The MOCK verifies the calling method and the STUB returns a value. There are several mocking frameworks like .NET, C++, Python, PHP or GMock. By using any of these frameworks, you can easily create mocks. However, there are instances wherein the mock code becomes more complex than the actual project code. So, make sure to create quality code that is short, easily understandable and delivers results.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<div class="rt-block">
<h3>Unit Test Naming Conventions</h3>
<p>When you write multiple unit tests, naming them in a proper way is important. If you use generic names like UT1, UT2 or testcode1 and testcode2, it becomes difficult to identify the purpose of each test. Instead, you have to use a proper criterion while naming unit tests. According to Roy Osherov’s <a href="http://osherove.com/blog/2005/4/3/naming-standards-for-unit-tests.html">naming standards for unit tests</a>, the basic principle to follow while naming a unit test is</p>
<p><div class="su-note"  style="border-color:#dcdcdc;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="background-color:#f6f6f6;border-color:#ffffff;color:#747474;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;">[UnitOfWork_StateUnderTest_ExpectedBehavior]</div></div></p>
<p>The name should talk about three things</p>
<p><div class="su-list" style="margin-left:0px"></p>
<ul style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">
<li><i class="sui sui-pencil" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Requirement of the test</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-pencil" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Expected state or input</li>
<li><i class="sui sui-pencil" style="color:#cc9022"></i> Expected results or behavior</li>
</ul>
<p></div>By looking at the name, you can understand the purpose of the test and expected results as well.</p>
</div>
<h3>Unit Testing Vs Integration Testing</h3>
<p>Unit tests drive your design. By testing each piece of the module, you can effectively develop the system. Moreover, they guarantee that each function performs accordingly. They are easy to maintain and you can even document workflow as well.</p>
<p>On the other hand, integration tests are useful when you have to test the entire application or the system as an additional layer to regression testing. You test the code with real databases and resources. In short, you use one single large test code to test multiple objects of a system. Another important area wherein integration tests are highly effective is when testing legacy code. As legacy code does not contain proper tests, it is not easy to test it. By using any legacy code testing tool like Typemock, you can run integration tests on the legacy code to ensure that components are properly integrated.</p>
<p><div class="su-table su-table-responsive su-table-alternate"></p>
<table style="font-size: 13px;line-height: 1.6em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Unit Testing</strong></td>
<td><strong>Integration Testing</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The purpose is to verify if the smallest piece of code is delivering intended results.</td>
<td>The purpose is verify if various pieces of the system or application work together.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The scope is narrow</td>
<td>The scope is large and cover the entire application of a system</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Easy to write and execute</td>
<td>Lot of effort needed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Useful only for developers</td>
<td>Useful for developers and other teams like QA and Helpdesk as well</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Do not require resources like database and hardware</td>
<td>Requires resources like database and hardware</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Performed in isolation</td>
<td>Resembles production environment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No dependence on code outside the test</td>
<td>Dependant on outside code as well</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Test runs for few minutes</td>
<td>Tests can run for hours</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></div></p>
<p>To effectively run tests and trust the outcome, you should distinguish and separate integration tests and unit tests for a quality development project.</p>
<h3>Conclusion:</h3>
<p><span class="inset-left" style="width: 405px;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="rt-image alignright size-medium wp-image-12815" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/post_UnitTesting2.png" alt="" width="400" height="200" /></span></p>
<blockquote><p>While the same principle cannot be applied to all projects, the basic principle of testing is as the above testing pyramid. As seen in the pyramid, unit tests form the base of the project development and take up a larger portion of tests. Integration tests are one step above unit testing wherein the entire system is checked with real-time resources followed by acceptance testing.</p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
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		<title>HP Quality Center vs Productivity Challenges</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/hpqc-vs-productivity-challenges/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/hpqc-vs-productivity-challenges/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Sep 2013 13:43:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quality Center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Test Automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hpqc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quality center]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.automationdojos.com/?p=635</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/hpqc-vs-productivity-challenges/">HP Quality Center vs Productivity Challenges</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>While the internet has revolutionized the technology, the innovation hasn’t stopped yet. As technology keeps innovating, there arises a greater need for an efficient testing system that can streamline the innovation. HP has been a leader in the testing market with products like QTP, UFT and Quality Center. The HP Quality Center (QC), being a [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/hpqc-vs-productivity-challenges/">HP Quality Center vs Productivity Challenges</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/hpqc-vs-productivity-challenges/">HP Quality Center vs Productivity Challenges</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_HPQC-Prod-Challanges.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">While the internet has revolutionized the technology, the innovation hasn’t stopped yet. As technology keeps innovating, there arises a greater need for an efficient testing system that can streamline the innovation. HP has been a leader in the testing market with products like QTP, UFT and Quality Center.</p>
<p>The HP Quality Center (QC), being a commercial test management tool by HP, which is now developed as <em><strong>Application Life Cycle Management Tool (ALM)</strong></em> includes support for various phases of the software development life cycle. With the release of HP Quality Center 11 it has surely cemented its position in this segment. New features like <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">HP Sprinter Module</span> and <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">Project Planning</span> and <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">Tracking Module</span> allow small and medium businesses as well as large enterprises to integrate different business processes for an effective testing system. Here is how the intuitive HP Quality Center answers growing challenges in the manual testing segment.</p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Integration of Test Processes</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>In a traditional manual testing system, an instance of the test case is imported to the test lab. To improve the test coverage, testers normally break the main functionality into smaller modules. While performing manual testing, you have to switch between the test module and the application under test (AUT) multiple times.</p>
<p>HP Quality Center addresses this productivity challenge by integrating business processes involved in the test and thereby enhancing usability and GUI workflows. Using the QC, you can simultaneously work with <em><strong>different screens without switching</strong></em> between them. Moreover, QC tests directly run on the AUT which enables you to edit test practices easily. By integrating testing procedures, QC reduces the workload to improve your business productivity levels.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Compatible with Automated Tools</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>QC integrates well with other automated tools. Along with manual testing tools, businesses work with automated testing software like <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">Load Runner, QTP and WinRunner</span>. QC works in integration with all these software tools. You can easily create reports and document the performance of applications for an effective analysis of the project. QC offers a useful toolkit that enables you to create reports, graphs, annotations and screen captures instead of switching to MS Paint or MS Excel for these tasks.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Versatile Testing Tool</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>The new HP Quality Center 11 is versatile when it comes to manual testing. This web-based application comes with an extensive set of tools for an efficient testing environment.</p>
<p>The <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">mirror testing feature</span> is a notable addition in the new version. This innovative feature allows you to create one test for a browser and run the same test on other environments. For instance, a test created for Safari can be run on Firefox or Chrome. QC features Macros that allow you to record a test and replay it multiple times.</p>
<p>In addition, there are several useful features like <em><strong>Automated Data Injection</strong></em> and <strong>Smart Repository</strong> that help you to optimize available resources and increase productivity levels.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-box su-box-style-default" id="" style="border-color:#bfbfbf;border-radius:3px;"><div class="su-box-title" style="background-color:#f2f2f2;color:#6b6b6b;border-top-left-radius:1px;border-top-right-radius:1px">Automated Vs Manual Testing</div><div class="su-box-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim" style="border-bottom-left-radius:1px;border-bottom-right-radius:1px"></p>
<p>While there is a great innovation in the testing tools segment, the debate on manual Vs automated testing still continues. Using a manual testing environment or an automated one entirely depends on the nature of the application and your business requirements.</p>
<p>Though automated testing tools are more efficient, work faster and eliminate redundancy, there are certain areas wherein manual testing environments are needed. For instance, applications that do not have much functionality can be manually tested to reduce ROI. While there are certain drawbacks with manual testing, HP is bridging this gap by designing comprehensive manual testing solutions that efficiently handle the entire testing process from test design to maintenance and documentation.</p>
<p></div></div></p>
<p><div class="su-spacer" style="height:10px"></div></p>
<p><div class="su-quote su-quote-style-default"><div class="su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim"></p>
<p>In today’s changing trends, it is important for businesses to leverage available resources to squeeze optimal performance for business processes. As a comprehensive testing management application, HP Quality Center offers the right solution for testing challenges. By fully utilizing the features of QC, businesses can reduce workloads and effectively improve business productivity levels.</p>
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		<title>How is Poka Yoke different from FMEA?</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/how-is-poka-yoke-different-from-fmea/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/how-is-poka-yoke-different-from-fmea/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Jul 2013 14:18:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Methodology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[software engineering]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.automationdojos.com/?p=677</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-is-poka-yoke-different-from-fmea/">How is Poka Yoke different from FMEA?</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_yokapokeVSfmea.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>Software QA is not about finding mistakes in a code. It is about enhancing the quality of the product to meet objectives while delivering consistent performance at a higher level. Whether the project is in the analysis phase, design mode or the implementation stage, there are different types of software QA practices that are followed [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-is-poka-yoke-different-from-fmea/">How is Poka Yoke different from FMEA?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/how-is-poka-yoke-different-from-fmea/">How is Poka Yoke different from FMEA?</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Software QA is not about finding mistakes in a code. It is about enhancing the quality of the product to meet objectives while delivering consistent performance at a higher level.</p>
<p>Whether the project is in the analysis phase, design mode or the implementation stage, there are different types of software QA practices that are followed by organizations in recent times. These &#8216;<strong>mistake proofing techniques</strong>&#8216; reduce errors at the development stage. One such practice that doesn’t allow mistakes to happen is Poka-Yoke.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Honestly speaking I personally did not get the opportunity to implement any of these so-called QA processes formally, but based on some research/readings done recently, am excited to share some interesting points.</p>
<h3>What is Poka-Yoke?</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">The <strong>Japanese</strong> term <strong>Poka-Yoke</strong>, introduced by Shigeo Shingo, is a <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">mistake-proofing technique</span> that eliminates inadvertent errors. Literally, Poka means mistake and Yoke means to prevent. In simpler words, it talks about preventing mistakes. It is a safe practice that uses an automated system to disallow errors or alert you when an error occurs. By eliminating human data input errors, this mistake-proofing technique allows businesses to fail-proof the system. The rear part of a CPU is an example of Poka-Yoke systems wherein each port comes in different sizes and colours to make the assembling task easier.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Initially, Poka Yoke was designed to implement mistake proofing techniques in the manufacturing industry. A SIM card slot that does not allow you to insert the SIM in a wrong way is a good example of this concept.</p>
<p> Today, the modern software development segment is greatly in love with this innovative concept. The increasing popularity for this concept is because web applications are created in huge numbers in recent times. While these web applications are designed with self-explanatory help content, there are several people who make mistakes while feeding data or using navigation features. For instance, the password field warns you when you enter characters less than 8.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image" 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" alt="" width="576" height="320" /></p>
<h3>What is FMEA?</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">&#8216;<strong>Failure Mode and Effective Analysis</strong>&#8216; or FMEA is an analysis that helps you identify root causes of defects in a product, in the design stage or in the production stage.</p>
<p>In other words, failure mode refers to areas wherein the product can fail and the effective analysis refers to the effect caused by each failure. When a defect is identified, remedial methods are suggested. By implementing these changes, businesses can eliminate defects in the functionality of a product. As this is an on-going process, FMEA is documented and followed throughout the life of the product.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full aligncenter rt-image" 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" alt="" width="523" height="275" /></p>
<h3>How is FMEA different from Poka-Yoke?</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">While FMEA is an analysis that <strong>identifies root causes</strong> of product failures using a top-down analysis, Poka-Yoke is a technique that makes the product <strong>fail-proof</strong>. Both of these procedures work similar to some extent as they envisage and identify detects in a product. However, Yoka-Poke is more about human failures that can occur due to lack of knowledge, fatigue or carelessness. FMEA documents may contain Poka-Yoke techniques.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">The increased use of Poka-Yoke systems in recent times has effectively reduced errors in product functionality caused by various issues. On the other hand, FMEA envisages these errors at the development stage to eliminate them. By suggesting <strong>remedial measures</strong>, FMEA ensures that these mistakes are not carried into the development phase. As the entire project specifications are determined before the development takes off, it is critically important to identify any issues with the product in the early stages to avoid expenses. <strong>In fact</strong>, <span class="su-label su-label-type-default">FMEA identifies areas wherein Poka-Yoke is required</span>. So, FMEA and Poka-Yoke techniques work well when they are perfectly coordinated in product development projects to save time and money.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Be it Poka-Yoke, FMEA or any other software QA practice, businesses need to ensure that highest quality is maintained while developing a product. By ensuring that best software development practices are followed throughout the software development lifecycle, businesses can optimize resources while improving productivity levels.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Significance Of Regression Testing</title>
		<link>https://www.automationdojos.com/significance-of-regression-testing/</link>
					<comments>https://www.automationdojos.com/significance-of-regression-testing/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tushar Sharma]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 May 2013 20:05:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[QA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SDLC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regression testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdlc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[software testing]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.automationdojos.com/?p=12719</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/significance-of-regression-testing/">Significance Of Regression Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p><img width="275" height="165" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-275x165.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-275x165.png 275w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-300x180.png 300w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-150x90.png 150w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-200x120.png 200w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing-400x240.png 400w, https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing.png 575w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px" /></p>
<p>In today’s highly competitive world, there is little scope for errors. To stay ahead of the competition, companies need to maintain higher quality standards while developing software products and the QA team has a greater role to play. There are several best software testing practices that can improve the quality of a product and Regression [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/significance-of-regression-testing/">Significance Of Regression Testing</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.automationdojos.com/significance-of-regression-testing/">Significance Of Regression Testing</a> | As Published On <a href="https://www.automationdojos.com">Automation Dojos</a></p>
<p>In today’s highly competitive world, there is little scope for errors. To stay ahead of the competition, companies need to maintain higher quality standards while developing software products and the QA team has a greater role to play. There are several best software testing practices that can improve the quality of a product and Regression testing is an important one among them.</p>
<p>By performing regression testing, companies can create products that cater to the needs of customers while eliminating technical glitches in the functionality of the product.</p>
<h3>What is Regression Testing?</h3>
<p>Regression Testing is an important testing practice that makes sure that the product is free of errors after code is altered or when new features are added. This is particularly important when the beta version of a product is released and certain changes are incorporated into the product, based on the feedback. In addition, the lifespan of software products is limited and they forego changes frequently. For every release of newer versions, companies have to make sure that the functionality is intact. Regression testing can be performed using older test cases, partial or full.</p>
<p>Choosing the functionalities for regression testing is not easy. It requires lot of expertise and experience. You need to consider several aspects like the coding that is recently changed, frequently used functionalities, main features etc. If you test the full suite it requires huge expenses and time as well.</p>
<p>Another option is to choose the functionality area where changes are incorporated. Whether you choose obsolete test cases or reusable test cases, partial regression testing saves huge operational expenses and time. Alternately, you can choose to test frequently used functionalities to be on the safer side.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://www.automationdojos.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/post_SDLC-Regression-Testing2-1.png" alt="" width="575" height="345" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-12725" /></p>
<h3>Software tools for Regression Testing</h3>
<p>While choosing the right software for regression testing, you need to consider the business functionality. If changes are made frequently to your product, regression testing adds up to your testing expenses. You have to perform test cases over and over again. Using manual testing is a cumbersome process as you have to spend more resources and time as well.</p>
<p>Automated testing is a good idea for regression testing. Every time a new update is made, you can use an automated script to check the functionality. Most importantly, automated scripts can be run unattended. Quick Testing Professional from HP is a great tool that efficiently handles regression and functionality testing. This object-based tool allows you to create scripts based on keywords. QTP uses VB scripts and Excel for programming and data-driven testing to boost the quality of testing procedures.</p>
<h3>Regression Testing in Agile software development</h3>
<p>Agile software development is the new trend in the development segment. Agile development requires companies to incorporate innovation into business processes while automating most tasks. Regression Testing is an ideal choice when it comes to agile software development. While people complain that regression testing finds more defects to demoralize the developing team, this is a striking advantage too.</p>
<p>By finding out defects, automated regression testing boosts greater levels of confidence to the development team. Moreover, it puts a greater level of responsibility on developers as they have to work in coordination with the testing team. When you look at the whole team concept, this is a huge benefit for any organization.</p>
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